Determinación social en la ocurrencia de anemia ferropénica en niños:

una revisión sistemática

Autores/as

  • Florencia Ceriani Infantozzi
  • Elaine Thumé
  • Fúlvio Nedel

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33517/rue2022v17n1a7

Palabras clave:

anemia ferropénica, determinantes sociales de la salud, lactante

Resumen

La anemia constituye un problema mayor de salud pública debido a sus múltiples consecuencias biológicas, económicas y sociales. La anemia por deficiencia de hierro es común en niños pequeños, debido a los altos requerimientos de hierro necesarios para su rápido crecimiento y desarrollo, particularmente durante los primeros dos años de vida. Con el objetivo de sintetizar el conocimiento actual sobre los determinantes sociales de la anemia ferropénica en niños, se realizó una revisión sistemática de los artículos originales sobre estudios cuantitativos publicados en las bases de datos PubMed Central (PMC), SCOPUS Elsevier y la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS) en el mes de febrero del año 2021, en la que fueron seleccionados 43 artículos. Se observa que los estudios abordan desde causas estructurales como el nivel socioeconómico, como aquellas subyacentes: saneamiento, condiciones habitacionales, hacinamiento, conocimiento materno, estado nutricional del niño, lactancia materna y alimentación complementaria, entre otras. Se advierte que hay escasez de estudios en América Latina que aborden la problemática desde la perspectiva de los determinantes sociales, resulta fundamental el profundizar en el estudio de la determinación de las causas para contar con información válida que permita tomar acciones tendientes a contribuir en la resolución de la problemática en Uruguay.

Biografía del autor/a

Florencia Ceriani Infantozzi

Magíster en Nutrición, Prof. Adj. Escuela de Nutrición, Universidad de la República.

Elaine Thumé

Doctora. Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem. Departamento de Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva. UFPel.

Fúlvio Nedel

Doctor. Departamento de Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.

Citas

Who, Chan M. Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity. Geneva, Switz World Heal Organ [Internet]. 2011 [citado el 15 de setiembre del 2020];1–6. Disponible en: http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&btnG=Search&q=intitle:Haemoglobin+concentrations+for+the+diagnosis+of+anaemia+and+assessment+of+severity#1

WHO. Nutritional Anaemias : Tools for Effective Prevention. Genova: World Health Organization; 2017.

FAO, IFAD, UNICEF W and W. The state of food security and nutrition in the world. Building resilience for peace and food security. Rome: FAO; 2017.

Carrero A, Ceriani F, De León C, Girona A. Encuesta Nacional de Lactancia, Prácticas de Alimentación y Anemia en menores de 24 meses usuarios del Sistema Nacional Integrado de Salud 2020. Montevideo: INE; 2020.

WHO. Subsanar las desigualdades en una generación. Alcanzar la equidad sanitaria actuando sobre los determinantes sociales de la salud [Internet]. Ginebra: WHO; 2008. [citado el 20 de noviembre del 2020]. Disponible en:https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/44084

Harding KL, Aguayo VM, Namirembe G, Webb P. Determinants of anemia among women and children in Nepal and Pakistan: An analysis of recent national survey data. Matern Child Nutr. 2018;14(March 2017):1–13.

Yang W, Li X, Li Y, Zhang S, Liu L, Wang X, et al. Anemia, malnutrition and their correlations with socio-demographic characteristics and feeding practices among infants aged 0-18 months in rural areas of Shaanxi province in northwestern China: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2012;12(1): 1127.

Khan JR, Awan N, Misu F. Determinants of anemia among 6-59 months aged children in Bangladesh: Evidence from nationally representative data. BMC Pediatr [Internet]. 2016 [citado el 20 enero del 2020] ;16(1):1–12. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-015-0536-z

Zere E, Kirigia JM, Duale S, Akazili J. Inequities in maternal and child health outcomes and interventions in Ghana. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2012 [citado el el 20 de enero del 2020] ;12(1):252. Disponible en: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/12/252

Anaba EA, Abuosi AA, Azilaku JC, Nkrumah J. Association between health insurance membership and anaemia among children under-five years. Evidence from Ghana. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 15 de julio del 2020];15(9):1–11. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238792

Gebrehaweria Gebremeskel M, Lemma Tirore L. Factors Associated with Anemia Among Children 6–23 Months of Age in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Analysis of Data from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey. Pediatr Heal Med Ther. 2020;11:347–57.

Gebremeskel MG, Mulugeta A, Bekele A, Lemma L, Gebremichael M, Gebremedhin H, Etsay B, Tsegay T, Haileslasie Y, Kinfe Y, Gebremeskel F, Mezgebo L, Shushay S. Individual and community level factors associated with anemia among children 6-59 months of age in Ethiopia: A further analysis of 2016 Ethiopia demographic and health survey. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020 Nov [citado el 30 de diciembre del 2020] 13;15(11):e0241720. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241720.

Mohammed SH, Habtewold TD, Muhammad F, Esmaillzadeh A. The contribution of dietary and non-dietary factors to socioeconomic inequality in childhood anemia in Ethiopia: A regression-based decomposition analysis. BMC Res Notes [Internet]. 2019 [citado el 30 de diciembre del 2020];12(1):1–5. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4691-4

Sunguya BF, Zhu S, Paulo LS, Ntoga B, Abdallah F, Assey V, et al. Regional disparities in the decline of anemia and remaining challenges among children in tanzania: Analyses of the tanzania demographic and health survey 2004–2015. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(10):1–15.

Da Silva Magalhães EI, Maia DS, Netto MP, Lamounier JA, Da Silva Rocha D. Hierarchical analysis of the factors associated with anemia in infants. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2018;36(3):275–80.

Gosdin L, Martorell R, Bartolini RM, Mehta R, Srikantiah S, Young MF. The co-occurrence of anaemia and stunting in young children. Matern Child Nutr. 2018;14(3):1-10.

Baranwal A, Baranwal A, Roy N. Association of household environment and prevalence of anemia among children under-5 in India. Front Public Heal. 2014;2(10):1–7.

Coffey D, Geruso M, Spears D. Sanitation, Disease Externalities and Anaemia: Evidence From Nepal. Econ J. 2018;128(611):1395–432.

Tustingi LS, Gething PW, Gibsoni HS, Greenwoodi B, Knudseni J, Lindsayi SW, et al. Housing and child health in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-sectional analysis. PLoS Med [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 1 de setiemre del 2020];17(3):1–18. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003055

Wirth JP, Rajabov T, Petry N, Woodruff BA, Shafique NB, Mustafa R, et al. Micronutrient deficiencies, over-and undernutrition, and their contribution to anemia in azerbaijani preschool children and non-pregnant women of reproductive age. Nutrients. 2018;10(10).

Cotta RMM, de Cássia Carvalho Oliveira F, Magalhães KA, Ribeiro AQ, da Rocha Sant’Ana LF, Priore SE, et al. Social and biological determinants of iron deficiency anemia. Cad Saude Publica. 2011;27(SUPPL.2):309–20.

Batista L, Paiva A, Teles L, Rondó P, Diaz-Quijano F, Batista-Sousa L. Anaemia among children living in land reform colonization projects in the northeast region of Brazil: A population-based cross-sectional study. Rev Chil Nutr. 2020;47(3):423–9.

Dwumoh D, Essuman EE, Afagbedzi SK. Determinant of factors associated with child health outcomes and service utilization in Ghana: Multiple indicator cluster survey conducted in 2011. Arch Public Heal. 2014;72(1):1–10.

Li H, Xiao J, Liao M, Huang G, Zheng J, Wang H, et al. Anemia prevalence, severity and associated factors among children aged 6-71 months in rural Hunan Province, China: A community-based cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1):1–13.

Hu S, Tan H, Peng A, Jiang H, Wu J, Guo S, et al. Disparity of anemia prevalence and associated factors among rural to urban migrant and the local children under two years old: A population based cross-sectional study in Pinghu, China. BMC Public Health. 2014;14(1):1–11.

Puri P, Khan J, Shil A, Ali M. A cross-sectional study on selected child health outcomes in India: Quantifying the spatial variations and identification of the parental risk factors. Sci Rep [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 20 de octubre del 2020];10(1):1–15. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-63210-5

Pasricha SR, Black J, Muthayya S, Shet A, Bhat V, Nagaraj S, et al. Determinants of anemia among young children in rural India. Pediatrics. 2010;126(1).

Subramanian S V, Leland K. Association of Maternal Height With Child Mortality, Anthropometric Failure, and Anemia in India. JAMA Netw open. 2009;23(1):1–7.

Chowdhury MRK, Khan MMH, Khan HTA, Rahman MS, Islam MR, Islam MM, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of childhood anemia in Nepal: A multilevel analysis. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 20 de octubre del 2020];15(10). Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239409

Anokye R, Acheampong E, Edusei AK, Mprah WK, Ofori-Amoah J, Amoah VMK, et al. Perception of childhood anaemia among mothers in Kumasi: A quantitative approach. Ital J Pediatr. 2018;44(1):1–6.

Asoba GN, Sumbele IUN, Anchang-Kimbi JK, Metuge S, Teh RN. Influence of infant feeding practices on the occurrence of malnutrition, malaria and anaemia in children 5 years in the Mount Cameroon area: A cross sectional study. PLoS One. 2019;14(7):1–17.

Abreha SK, Walelign SZ, Zereyesus YA. Associations between women’s empowerment and children’s health status in Ethiopia. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 28 de octubre del 2020];15(7):1–24. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0235825

Jembere M, Kabthymer RH, Deribew A. Determinants of Anemia Among Children Aged 6 to 59 Months in Dilla Town, Southern Ethiopia: A Facility Based Case Control Study. Glob Pediatr Heal. 2020;7.

Elmardi KA, Adam I, Malik EM, Ibrahim AA, Elhassan AH, Kafy HT, et al. Anaemia prevalence and determinants in under 5 years children: findings of a cross-sectional population-based study in Sudan. BMC Pediatr. 2020;20(1):1–14.

Pita Rodríguez GM, Jiménez S, Basabe B, García RG, Macías C, Selva L, et al. Anemia in children under five years old in eastern cuba, 2005-2011. MEDICC Rev. 2014;16(1):16–23.

Harding KL, Aguayo VM, Masters WA, Webb P. Education and micronutrient deficiencies: An ecological study exploring interactions between women’s schooling and children’s micronutrient status. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):1–13.

Wang J, Liu Y, Zhao Q, Liu T, Zhou Z. A Retrospective Case-Control Study of the Determinants of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Infants in an Urban Community in Shanghai, China between 2010–2015. Med Sci Monit. 2020;26:1–7.

Vajdi M, Farhangi MA. Gender-specific difference among socio-demographic determinants of malnutrition and anemia among hospitalized children. Med J Nutrition Metab. 2019;12(3):247–54.

Gaenemo A, Abebe N. Modeling determinants of anemia among pre-school children in Ethiopia: application of marginal and subject-specific modelstle. J Public Health Africa. 2016;6.

Konstantyner T, Roma Oliveira TC, De Aguiar Carrazedo Taddei JA. Risk factors for anemia among Brazilian infants from the 2006 national demographic health survey. Anemia. 2012. 2 de febrero.

Falivene MA, Fattore GL. Multidimensional approach to iron deficiency anemia in infants younger than two years old in Northeast Argentina. 2004-2005. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2016;114(1):14–22.

Altucher K, Rasmussen KM, Barden EM, Habicht JP. Predictors of improvement in hemoglobin concentration among toddlers enrolled in the Massachusetts WIC program. J Am Diet Assoc. 2005;105(5):709–15.

Scott JA, Gee G, Devenish G, Ha D, Do L. Determinants and sources of iron intakes of Australian toddlers: Findings from the SMILE cohort study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(2):1–15.

Falivene MA, Fattore GL. Abordaje multidimensional de la anemia por deficiencia de hierro en niños menores de dos años de edad del Noreste Argentino. Años 2004-2005. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2016;114(1):14–22.

Favero M, Rens V. Anemia y déficit de hierro en lactantes de 6 a 12 meses de la ciudad de Necochea: prevalencia y determinantes. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2020;118(3):187–92.

Osório MM. Fatores determinantes da anemia em crianças. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2002;78(4):269–78.

Ii S, De AJD. Anemia em menores de seis anos : estudo de base populacional em Pelotas , RS Anemia in children under six : population-based study in Pelotas. Rev Saúde Pública. 2007;41(3):328–35.

Leal LP, Batista Filho M, Lira PIC de, Figueiroa JN, Osório MM. Prevalência da anemia e fatores associados em crianças de seis a 59 meses de Pernambuco. Rev Saude Publica. 2011;45(3):457–66.

Bliznashka L, Arsenault JE, Becquey E, Ruel MT, Olney DK. Using structural equation modelling to understand the contributors to anaemia among young Burkinabe children. Matern Child Nutr. 2020;16(1):1–13.

Assandri E, Skapino E. Anemia, estado nutricional y parasitosis intestinales en niños pertenecientes a hogares vulnerables de Montevideo. Arch Pediatr Urug. 2018;89(2):86–98.

Koletzko B, Brands B, Grote V. Long-Term Health Impact of Early Nutrition: The Power of Programming. Ann Nutr Metab . 2017;3:161–9.

Formoso Assunção MC, Santos IS, Barros AJD, Gigante DP, Victoria CG. Effect of iron fortification of flour on anemia in preschool children in Pelotas, Brazil. Rev Saude Publica. 2007;41(4):539–48.

Descargas

Publicado

2022-03-07

Cómo citar

1.
Ceriani Infantozzi F, Thumé E, Nedel F. Determinación social en la ocurrencia de anemia ferropénica en niños:: una revisión sistemática. RUE [Internet]. 7 de marzo de 2022 [citado 28 de marzo de 2024];17(1):e2022v17n1a7. Disponible en: https://rue.fenf.edu.uy/index.php/rue/article/view/338

Número

Sección

Revisión Crítica